Recent Published and Forthcoming Papers

 
"An Economic Test for an Unlawful Agreement to Adopt a Third-Party's Pricing Algorithm," Economic Policy, - Special Issue on "Artificial Intelligence and the Economy, forthcoming. Paper
 
"The Effect of Demand Variability on the Adoption and Design of a Third Party's Pricing Algorithm," Economics Letters, 2024. Paper
 
"Cost Coordination," RAND Journal of Economics, forthcoming. Paper
 
"Competitor Coupons: A Remedy for Residual Collusion," Journal of Competition Law & Economics, December 2023. Paper
 
"Horizontal Price Exchanges," (co-authored with Christopher Leslie), Cardozo Law Review, August 2023. Paper
 
"The Effect of Outsourcing Pricing Algorithms on Market Competition," Management Science, 68 (2022), 6889-6906. Paper
 
“Collusion in Plain Sight: Firms' Use of Public Announcements to Restrain Competition," Antitrust Law Journal, 84 (2022), 521-563. Paper
 
"The Anticompetitiveness of a Private Information Exchange of Prices," International Journal of Industrial Organization, 85 (2022), 102793. Paper
 
"There May be No Pass Through of a Merger-Related Cost Efficiency," Economics Letters, 208 (2021). Paper
 
"Protecting Consumers from Collusive Prices Due to AI," (co-authored with Emilio Calvano, Giacomo Calzolari, Vincenzo Denicolò, and Sergio Pastorello), Science, 370 (27 November 2020), 1040-1042. Paper
 
"A Dynamic Computational Model of Social Stigma," (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 23 (2020), 2(1). Paper
 
"Collusion through Coordination of Announcements", (co-authored with Lixin Ye), Journal of Industrial Economics, 67 (2019), 209-241. Paper Appendix This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-1148129.
 
"Developing Competition Law for Collusion by Autonomous Artificial Agents", Journal of Competition Law and Economics, 14 (2018), 331-363. Paper
 
"Does Enforcement Deter Cartels?: A Tale of Two Tails" (co-authored with Iwan Bos, Steve Davies, and Peter L. Ormosi), International Journal of Industrial Organization, 59 (2018), 372-405. Paper
 
"Rent Sharing to Control Non-Cartel Supply in the German Cement Market" (co-authored with Kai Huschelrath and Ulrich Laitenberger), Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 27 (2018), 149-166. Paper Theory Appendix This research is supported by the State Government of Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany through the SEEK program.
 
"The Deterrence of Collusion by a Structural Remedy," Economics Letters, 160 (2017), 78-81. PDF Copy
 
"What Can the Duration of Discovered Cartels Tell Us About the Duration of All Cartels?," (co-authored with Yanhao Wei), Economic Journal, 127 (2017), 1977-2005. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-1148129.
 
"A Theory of Collusion with Partial Mutual Understanding," Research in Economics, 1 (2017), 140-158. PDF Copy Online Appendix This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-1148129.
 
"The Relative Efficacy of Price Announcements and Express Communication for Collusion: Experimental Findings," (co-authored with Roberto Hernan-Gonzalez and Praveen Kujal), Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 128 (2016), 251-264. PDF Copy
 
"Heterogeneous Firms Can Always Collude on a Minimum Price," Economics Letters, 138 (2016). PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-1148129.
 
"When Should We Expect a Corporate Leniency Program to Result in Fewer Cartels?," (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Journal of Law and Economics, May 2015. Paper Appendices This research is supported by NSF Grants SES-0516943 and SES-1148129.
 
"The Discontent Cartel Member and Cartel Collapse: The Case of the German Cement Cartel," (co-authored with Kai Huschelrath, Ulrich Laitenberger, and Florian Smuda), International Journal of Industrial Organization, 42 (2015). PDF Copy This research is supported by SEEK Grant WuR-180003.
 
"Competition Policy and Cartel Size," (co-authored with Iwan Bos), International Economic Review, February 2015. PDF Copy
 
"The Comity-Deterrence Trade-off and the FTAIA: Motorola Mobility Revisited," Competition Policy International: Antitrust Chronicle, January 2015. PDF Copy
 
"Motorola Mobility and the FTAIA: A Deterrence-Based Definition of 'Direct' Effect," Competition Policy International: Antitrust Chronicle, Summer 2014. PDF Copy Link to CPI: Antitrust Chronicle issue on FTAIA.
 
"Penalties and the Deterrence of Unlawful Collusion," Economics Letters, 124 (2014). PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-1148129.
 
"Cartel Sales Dynamics when Monitoring for Compliance is More Frequent than Punishment for Non-Compliance," (co-authored with Juan-Pablo Montero) in Analysis of Competition Policy and Sectoral Regulation, M. Pietz and Y. Spiegel, eds., 2014. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-1148129.
 
"Individual Learning and Social Learning: Endogenous Division of Cognitive Labor in a Population of Co-evolving Problem-solvers," (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Administrative Sciences, June 2013. PDF Copy
 
"Corporate Leniency Programs when Firms have Private Information: The Push of Prosecution and the Pull of Pre-emption," Journal of Industrial Economics, March 2013. PDF Copy
 
"Evaluating Mergers for Coordinated Effects and the Role of `Parallel Accommodating Conduct'," Antitrust Law Journal, 2013. PDF Copy
 
"Signaling and Tacit Collusion in an Infinitely Repeated Prisoners' Dilemma," (co-authored with Wei Zhao), Mathematical Social Sciences, November 2012. PDF Copy
 
"Corporate Leniency with Private Information: An Exploratory Example," in Recent Advances in the Analysis of Competition Policy and Regulation, J. Harrington and Y. Katsoulakos, eds., Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2012.
 
"Private Monitoring and Communication in Cartels: Explaining Recent Collusive Practices" (co-authored with Andrzej Skrzypacz), American Economic Review, October 2011. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Posted Pricing as a Plus Factor," Journal of Competition Law and Economics, March 2011. PDF Copy
 
"When is an Antitrust Authority not Aggressive Enough in Fighting Cartels?," International Journal of Economic Theory (A Special Issue on Game Theory and Industrial Organization in Honor of James Friedman), March 2011. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Comment on 'Antitrust Sanctions',"(by Douglas Ginsburg and Joshua Wright), Competition Policy International, Autumn 2010. PDF Copy Link to Special Issue on Cartel Sanctions
 
"Stockpiling Anti-Viral Drugs for a Pandemic: The Role of Manufacturer Reserve Programs," (co-authored with Edbert Hsu), Journal of Health Economics, May 2010. PDF Copy
 
"Endogenous Cartel Formation with Heterogeneous Firms," (co-authored with Iwan Bos), RAND Journal of Economics, Spring 2010. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Modelling the Birth and Death of Cartels with an Application to Evaluating Antitrust Policy," (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Journal of the European Economic Association, December 2009. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Avoiding Market Dominance: Product Compatibility in Markets with Network Effects," (co-authored with Jiawei Chen and Ulrich Doraszelski), RAND Journal of Economics, Autumn 2009. PDF Copy
 
"Optimal Corporate Leniency Programs," Journal of Industrial Economics, June 2008. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Detecting Cartels," in Handbook in Antitrust Economics, Paolo Buccirossi, editor (MIT Press), 2008. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0209486.
 
"Behavioral Screening and the Detection of Cartels," in European Competition Law Annual 2006: Enforcement of Prohibition of Cartels, Claus-Dieter Ehlermann and Isabela Atanasiu, eds., Hart Publishing, 2007. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Collusion under Monitoring of Sales," (co-authored with Andrzej Skrzypacz), RAND Journal of Economics, Summer 2007. PDF copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Innovators, Imitators, and the Evolving Architecture of Problem-Solving Networks," (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Organization Science, July 2007. PDF Copy
 
"Handedness and Earnings," (co-authored with Robert Moffitt and Christopher Ruebeck), Laterality, 2007. NBER Working Paper 12387 PDF Copy
 
"The Impact of the Corporate Leniency Program on Cartel Formation and the Cartel Price Path," (co-authored with Joe Chen), in The Political Economy of Antitrust, V. Ghosal and J. Stennek, eds., Elsevier, 2007. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Equilibrium Pricing in a (Partial) Search Market: The Shopbot Paradox," (co-authored with Megan Leahey), Economics Letters, January 2007. PDF Copy
 
"Cartel Pricing Dynamics with Cost Variability and Endogenous Buyer Detection" (co-authored with Joe Chen), International Journal of Industrial Organization, November 2006. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0209486.
 
"How Do Cartels Operate?," Foundations and Trends in Microeconomics, August 2006. Purchase or download This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0516943.
 
"Agent-Based Models of Organizations" (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang) in Handbook of Computational Economics II: Agent-Based Computational Economics, Kenneth L. Judd and Leigh Tesfatsion, editors, 2006. PDF Copy Handbook
 
"Collusive Game Solutions via Optimization" (co-authored with Benjamin Hobbs, Jong-Shi Pang, Andrew Liu, and Grant Roch), Mathematical Programming, B, July 2005. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant ECS-0224817.
 
"Optimal Cartel Pricing in the Presence of an Antitrust Authority," International Economic Review, February 2005. PDF Copy Animation This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0209486.
 
"Co-Evolution of Firms and Consumers and the Implications for Market Dominance" (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, January 2005. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0078752.
 
"Discovery and Diffusion of Knowledge in an Endogenous Social Network" (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), American Journal of Sociology, January 2005. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0078752.
 
"Cartel Pricing Dynamics in the Presence of an Antitrust Authority," RAND Journal of Economics, Winter 2004. PDF Copy Supplemental Appendix This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0209486.
 
"Post-Cartel Pricing during Litigation," Journal of Industrial Economics, December 2004 JIE PDF Copy Non-technical version (Global Competition Litigation Review, forthcoming) GCLR PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0209486.
 
"Multi-Market Competition, Consumer Search, and the Organizational Structure of Multi-Unit Firms"(co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Management Science, April 2003. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0078752.
 
"Rigidity and Flexibility in Social Systems: Transitional Dynamics" in Computational Models in Political Economy, K. Kollman, J. Miller, and S. Page, eds., The MIT Press, 2003. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0000679.
 
"Some Implications of Antitrust Laws for Cartel Pricing," Economics Letters, June 2003. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0209486.
 
"Decentralized Business Strategies in a Multi-Unit Firm" (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Annals of Operations Research, January 2002. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-0078752.
 
"Comment on 'Reducing Buyer Search Costs: Implications for Electronic Marketplaces'," Management Science, December 2001 PDF Copy
 
"A Simple Game-Theoretic Explanation for the Relationship between Group Size and Helping," Journal of Mathematical Psychology, April 2001. PDF Copy
 
"Centralization vs. Decentralization in a Multi-Unit Organization: A Computational Model of a Retail Chain as a Multi-Agent Adaptive System" (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Management Science, November 2000.
PDF Copy
Amicus Curiae Brief before the U.S. Supreme Court
Santa Fe Institute, Working Paper 00-02-10
 
"A Theory of Rigid Extremists and Flexible Moderates with an Application to the U.S. Congress," (co-authored with S. Brock Blomberg), American Economic Review, June 2000. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-9708910.
 
"Progressive Ambition, Electoral Selection, and the Creation of Ideologues," Economics of Governance, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 2000. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-9708910.
 
"The Equilibrium Level of Rigidity in a Hierarchy," Games and Economic Behavior, August 1999. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-9708910.
 
"Rigidity of Social Systems" Journal of Political Economy, February 1999. PDF Copy This research is supported by NSF Grant SES-9708910.

 
"The Social Selection of Flexible and Rigid Agents," American Economic Review, 88 (March 1998), 63-82. PDF Copy
 
"Organizational Structure and Firm Innovation in a Retail Chain," (co-authored with Myong-Hun Chang), Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory, 3 (1998), 267-288. PDF Copy.